Assignment 1A

Due-Wednesday 13th november

1) Independent companies

An independent film is a production produced outside of a major film studio system as well as distribted seperatly from majour films by independent entertainment companies. they can be much more distinguishable by their content with alot more realism than the usual hollywood film.Unlike major film comapany films independant films are only shown in a selected nuber of theaters which are usually much smaller in size than the usual major film screening although they are though to be much more creative and thought provoking as they are not mass marketed allowing the writers and producers to have much more freedom on what goes into the film instead of staying in the 'box'. Major films have a much lager budget which allwoes them to hire much more people and also to realize a lot more ideas that a independent film maker would not be able to achive.

The disadvantages to indipendant film companies are firstly the difficulty you will faced to find some one to give you funding i have found when looking into chances for independant film funding sites that although there are people out there to help it can be a very hard process for some one with little contacts and when funding is found it is not a great amount of money, limitting the ability to creat a film with special effects as well as hirring A list actor   . Another negative aspect of independant film making would be that there will not be as many people viewing your film as you would like and will only be screened in independent theatres. although on the other hand a positive aspect to independant film is the film maker is not force to sensor themselfs and are able to put all that they want into the film as they are running it independantly this is beacuse the film is not mass marketed and this results to some indepenant films being even quite offensive for some viewers as they are usually based on gritty realism another pro is the actors in independant films are able to build a fan base as well as the film makers through the films they produce to them to bigger thing in their carer
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_film
2) Global companies 

A global company is a large company that exists in more than one country one of the key examples of a global company would be disney as what they produce is viewed in several different countries and are well known worldwide for their unique animtions and characters in the films make. the main global company that owns and is in charge of all that is disney, is studio disney there are then several other small companies within studio disney for example disneynature, pixar productions and many others advantages to baing apart of a global company for a small company is that global companies come with a large amount of popularity and a large audience so there is no need to have to build an audience which brings a great result to the film maker as their film is then viewed on a large scale although a negative aspect would be that to get an idea to work they must first put it through the global company and if it is not accepted then it must be changed to fit their opinions as they are who is funding the film and makining it happen this makes it hard to keep the final product original

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walt_Disney_Pictures
3) Monopolies vs Oligopolies

The term monopoly is used in the film industry meaning a organisation or company dominates the whole market the opposite to this is Oligopoly which means a number of small organisations run and dominate a market. there are many advantages and disadvantages to both oligopoly and monopoly firstly, the positive to oligopoly is because everything is shared out between all the small companies and so not all the pressure is put onto one company although a negative to this is when making a decision for a film it must first go through all the small companies until it is approved. a positive to a monopoly is that you have full control of the market so everything involving the market will be given to the dominant owners of the market for example money and publicity etc.
http://www.diffen.com/difference/Monopoly_vs_Oligopoly

4) Vertical Integration vs  horizontal integration

Vertical integration is the process in which a media company owns companies at each stage of production,distribution and exhibition cycle by doing this the company is able to maximise their earnings from the production an example. of this is the Warner brothers they have ownership of warner bros. pictures, warner bros. distribution as well as  this they have an international chain of cinemas where they are able to show there films to a world wide audience because they are a vertical integration they are able to perform the whole process from production to marketing with their 'Time warner' companies' the advantage to this they are able to make the film and get it out to the public without having to split their earnings with another company another positive is the company is aware of where their money is going and what is happening throughout the film as they are in charge of it all negatives could be that to make a diction in this integration it would take more time as everything must be approved by the key company who are making all the decisions. Opposite to this horizontal integration is when a company owns many of the companies within its stage of for instance production, exhibition cycle for example a company owning a number of production companies this results to them getting all the income that comes in at this stage of the process. when researching horizontal integration i looked into films that were very much in the public eye currently and strongly advertised. I then went and studied the company credits and found although 20th century had used a range of different production companies they didn't have ownership of. although for the the distribution process they had mostly only used their own distribution company making them a horizontal integration the positive aspects of this is that they are able too raise their earnings higher and are also more in control of what is happening with the film after it has been filmed as well as decisions are made faster as they are only controlling one stage rather than all stages. 

http://www.imdb.com/title/tt2364841/companycredits?ref_=tt_dt_co
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Bros.

http://btecacland.wordpress.com